Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania

Dr. Hickey

Western Civilization to 1650  (42.125)

Fall 2010  Sections 03 (Tues.-Thurs. 12:30-1:45) and 04 (Tues-Thurs. 3:30-4:45)

M. Hickey  Old Science Hall Office 130  570-389-4161 mhickey@bloomu.edu

Office Hours:  T-Th. 2:00-3:30; Weds 2:00-2:45, 5:30-6:00; or by appointment

FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE

MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Navigating this syllabus

• Brief Course Description                   
• Grade Scale                              
• Important Notices
• Required Texts 
• Study Tips
• Taking notes and preparing for quizzes:  the Coffin textbook
• Taking notes and preparing for quizzes:  the Brophy document reader
• Taking notes on Machiavelli, The Prince
• Taking notes and preparing for exams:  class lectures and discussions
• Link to the "Verification Document" Form

GRADED ASSIGNMENTS:

• Verification that you have read the syllabus (Mandatory)
• Attendance (Mandatory)    
• Quizzes (30 percent)
• Mid-Term Exam (30 percent)
• Final  Exam (40 percent)         
• Extra Credit Paper Assignment (credit < or =  100 points added to course grade)

Weekly Schedule of Assignments   

Brief Description:  This course is an introductory survey of the history of Western Civilization to the mid-1600s.  It begins with a brief examination of societies in the ancient Near East, moves on to the history of Ancient Greece and Rome, then focuses primarily on the history of Europe in the Medieval and Early Modern Periods. 

The main course objectives are to help you:

• Develop a base of factual knowledge regarding the history of Western Civilization to 1650
• Become familiar with interpretive frameworks for understanding the history of Western Civilization to 1650 
• Become familiar with the analytical process that historians use in examining historical evidence
• Develop critical reading skills through analysis of historical evidence
• Develop communications skills by analyzing, explaining and interpreting historical evidence, both in discussion and in writing 

The fundamental topics covered in the course are:   

• Factors contributing to the rise of early civilizations in the "Near East" and the "West"
• The interrelationship between religious, state, and economic systems in ancient civilizations
• The roles of warfare and trade in the transfer and spread of ancient cultures and technologies
• The evolution of civic and political institutions in Greece
• The centrality of law and of imperialism in Roman society
• The creation of hybrid cultures (culture sharing/culture transfer) in the Greek and Roman worlds
• The origins and evolution of monotheism (Judaism, Christianity, Islam)
• The collapse of Roman hegemony and the rise of post-Roman successor states
• The centrality of religion in Medieval cultures
• The emergence of a commercial economy and new forms of civic association in the "Late Medieval" and "Early Modern Period"
• The emergence of "national monarchies"
• The roles of trade and warfare in shifting the balance of power between "East" and "West"
• The impact of Humanism and the Renaissance on the arts and scholarship
• The impact of the Reformation on popular religious belief and power politics
• The relationship between religious conflict and the emergence of nation states

The basic format for each course session will be lecture, although we also will spend time discussing reading assignments. 

Reading is central to the study of history.  It is crucial that you complete all reading assignments on schedule. 

The lectures and textbook reading assignments are designed to:

• Provide you with access to basic factual information

• Introduce you to a variety of interpretive frameworks for understanding factual information about the past

The supplementary reading assignments are designed to:

• Introduce you to the process of analyzing historical sources/documents (e.g., how to examine a document's authorship, content, context, and the ways that it elucidates particular historical issues)

• Provide you with exercises that will improve your critical reading skills

Graded Assignments in the course will include:

• Quizzes to measure how well you are building a base of factual knowledge (information about the past) from the lectures and readings

• In-class exams to measure your progress in building a base of factual knowledge, your ability to analyze documentary evidence and set it into the context of other information about the past, and your ability to build a coherent argument (to employ an interpretive framework) based on factual information and evidence.

• The extra-credit paper assignment, to measure your ability to analyze documentary evidence and set it into the context of other information about the past, your ability to build a coherent argument based on factual information and evidence, and your ability to explain complex ideas in writing.

Grades and Grade Scale:  Your grade in this course is based upon: 

• Verification that you have read the syllabus  (Mandatory)
• Attendance (Mandatory)    
• Quizzes (30 percent)
• Mid-Term Exam (30 percent)
• Final Exam (40 percent)
• Extra Credit Paper Assignment (credit < or =  100 points added to course grade)

The grades on written work will be based on your accuracy, clarity, and logic.  I will also consider technical matters, such as grammar and punctuation.

Grade Scale

• An "A" in the course means that you have a total of 920 or more out of 1000 possible points
• A- = 900-919
• B+ = 880-899
• B=820-879
• B-=800-819
• C+=780-799
• C=720-779
• C-=700-719
• D+=680-699
• D=600-679
• E= fewer than 600 points

IMPORTANT NOTICES:

• "Make-up" and late assignments:   I will give "make-up" quizzes or exams only in cases of excused absences. 
• "Excused" absences: If a medical or family emergency or a university-related event will prevent you from attending class, you must inform me in writing or by email (if possible, before missing class).  If you contact me regarding an absence after missing the class, you must have documentation regarding the absence provided by the appropriate office of the university administration.  The absence then will be excused.  All other absences will be considered unexcused. 
• Regarding plagiarism:  Please read the linked warning regarding plagiarism.  Plagiarism on any assignment will result in failure (a grade of 0) on that assignment and a formal complaint to the University Academic Conduct Board.
• Regarding disruptive behavior:  Please read the linked statement regarding disruptive behavior in the classroom.

Required Texts: 

• Judith Coffin, et al., Western Civilizations:  Their History and Their Culture, Vol. 1, 16^th Edition (New York: Norton, 2008).

• James Brophy, et al., Perspectives from the Past, Vol. 1, 4^th edition (New York:  Norton, 2009)

• Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince (New York:  Bantam, 1984)

Verification that you have read the syllabus and are aware of course policies and of assignments that must be completed to pass the course (Mandatory)

At the end of the second week of the course, I will ask you to fill out a form verifying that you have read this syllabus and that you are aware of course policies and of assignments that must be completed to pass the course.    Follow this link to fill out the form: 

Link to the "Verification Document" Form

If you have questions about the syllabus, course policies, or assignments, it is your responsibility to ask those questions (in class, or after class, or in my office hours, or by email).  It is my responsibility to answer those questions as clearly and directly as possible.  

I will not grade any of your quizzes, exams, or papers until you have verified that you have read the syllabus (etc).

Attendance (Mandatory)

Your grade in the entire course will drop in direct proportion to your unexcused absences. 

Example:  A person with a sum total of 950 out of the 1000 possible points on quizzes and exams who had 0 unexcused absences would have a grade of 950 (A).  If that same person had 1 unexcused absence (1 of our 28 class sessions), their grade would fall by 3.5 percent, which would give them 917 points (an A-).  If that same person had 5 unexcused absences (5 out of 28 sessions), their grade would fall by 18 percent, which would give them 779 points (a C+).

What are my minimal expectations?

• attend every class session
• complete all assigned readings
• take notes on the readings and bring your notes to class
• be prepared to ask as well as answer questions about readings in class
• take notes during the class sessions
• ask as well as answer questions about any lectures I present in class

TIPS ON STUDYING FOR QUIZZES AND EXAMS:

• No. 1 tip:  Do all of the assigned readings.  You can not pass the quizzes or exams if you have not done the reading.

• No. 2 tip:  Pay close attention in class during lectures and discussions.

How should you take notes on the Coffin textbook readings?

In general: 

• Write down your notes in a notebook (the truth is that highlighting is useless for most people). 
• Focus on the understanding main points (don't get lost in the details--you can go back and read again to catch those).
• After reading each section, answer the section focus questions in few sentences in your own words.
• ALWAYS take notes and answer questions in your own words!  If you must quote, put the quoted words in quotation marks!

To prepare for quizzes on the Coffin textbook:

• On the first page of every chapter,  there is a box with a set of "Focus Questions."  Each section in the chapter is organized around answering a question.  When you finish each section, write out an answer (in your own words!) to the relevant focus question.
• Each chapter has several "boxed" primary source documents (usually in a grey box).  At the end of the document you will find "Questions for Analysis."  Write out answers to these questions in your own words.
• On the last page of each chapter, there is a list of key terms.  Each term is defined in the glossary at the end of the book.  Write out a short "definition" of each term (in your own words!) as it is used in the chapter.  Also, write down the page numbers where the term is discussed in the chapter.
• Bring your notebooks class (I will not allow you to use the textbook itself while answering quizzes or writing exams).

How should you take notes on documents in the Brophy document reader?

In general: 

• Write down your notes in a notebook (the truth is that highlighting is useless for most people). 
• When you first read the document, focus on the understanding how the document fits into its time period.  Don't get lost in the details--you can go back and read again to catch those.
• After reading each document, write out a few sentences to answer each of the focus questions.
• ALWAYS take notes and answer questions in your own words!  When you must quote, put the quoted words in quotation marks and indicate the page number.

To prepare for quizzes on the Brophy document reader: 

• This document reader was designed to accompany your textbook, and the organization is parallel to the organization of your textbook.  So you should read the assigned documents after you read the relevant textbook chapter.

• Before you read the assigned documents, be sure that you read Brophy's chapter introduction.

• The title of each document is in BOLD PRINT.  Under that title, there is a short paragraph by the editors that tells you a little about the individual document.  Be sure that you read the editors' introduction for each document before you read the document.  (Do not confuse the editors' introduction with the document itself!)

• When you read each document, you should be looking for certain things.  So, for each document, answer the following questions (short answers are fine!):

1. Who wrote (or created) the document

2.  Where (in what land/kingdom/country/city, etc ) was it written (or created)

3.  When was it written (created)?

4. What is the "topic" of the document?

5.  What seems to have been the document author's main goal (or purpose) for writing this document? 

6.  Who was the intended audience for the document? 

7.  What pages in the textbook chapter does this document connect to most closely? 

• NEXT, answer the review questions printed at the end of the document selection

• ANSWER THE REVIEW QUESTIONS at the end of each document selection.

• ALWAYS take notes and answer questions in your own words!  When you must quote, make sure that you put the quoted words in quotation marks and that you indicate the page number for the quotation!

How should you take notes on Machiavelli, The Prince?

In The Prince, Niccolo Machiavelli offered "humble advice" to Lorenzo (Giuliano) de Medici, the ruler of Florence.  According to Machiavelli, to serve the best interests of his State, a successful Prince must rule as an autocrat.  Sometimes he must be ruthless, but he must never act as a tyrant. 

To defend this argument, Machiavelli made many references to the history of the ancient world as well to recent events of the late 1400s and early 1500s.  As you know from your other readings, Machiavelli was writing at a time of foreign (French and Spanish) dominance over the Italian city-states.  He had supported and worked for the government of the Florentine Republic.  He wrote The Prince after the Medici family overthrew the Florentine Republic and restored themselves to princely power.

If you have the "Bantam Classics" edition of The Prince, notice that the book beings with an introduction by the translator (Daniel Donno), on pages 1-11.  Machiavelli's text of The Prince begins on page 11 and ends on page 97.  In other words, The Prince is only 86 pages long; what comes after that in the Bantam Classics edition are selections from one of Machiavelli's other books (The Discourses), and you are not assigned to read that other book.

Machiavelli mentions people and events from ancient history, and from his own time, without identifying them because he expected the an educated reader would already know the names and events.  The translator of your edition does not assume this, and so he has provided you with endnotes that tell you who "Ferdinand the Catholic" was (etc).  Read the endnotes, too (each note number in the text refers you to information in the back of the book)--they will help you make sense of the book!

I want you to focus your note-taking on Machiavelli's main arguments.  To do this, think about these 3 issues as you read the book:

1.   Much of the advice Machiavelli gives in The Prince regards the difference between successful and unsuccessful ways of ruling over "conquered" peoples. 

• What does Machiavelli argue about the "right" and "wrong" way to rule over peoples whom a prince has conquered (or subjugated)?

2.  The Prince was a product of the Renaissance, a period in which European thinkers "rediscovered" the history of the ancient world.  How does Machiavelli's interpretation of ancient history (written in 1514) compare to what we have read in the Coffin textbook?  

• What is Machiavelli's main point about how the Persians, the Spartans, and the Romans dealt with dissent in their empires?

3.  In the 1500s and 1600s, Catholic critics condemned The Prince as an attack on the Catholic Church, Protestant critics thought the book justified Catholic rule, and both groups condemned Machiavelli's arguments as "immoral."  

• What specific arguments The Prince would people in the 1500s probably consider to be immoral?  (This requires thinking about people's world view in the 1500s!)

Remember, you own the book, so you do not have to take notes on every fact!  Instead:

• Write out your notes!  Again, all the best evidence shows that highlighting is almost useless!
• As you read, look for places where Machiavelli is dealing with the above-listed issues (and be sure to read the endnotes, too!)
• After you finish reading a section, write out a few sentences to explain his main points in that section (focus on the above-listed issues)
• Make sure that you write down the page numbers for pages that provide examples and information related to these main points
• If you copy down quotations, make sure that you put the quoted words in quotation marks and write down the page numbers!

How should you take notes in class?

• Take notes in class!  Keep a notebook for the lectures, and use that for your notes.  It is best to have separate notebooks for lectures notes and for reading assignments.
• DO NOT "read along" in the textbook while I lecture.  I am not reading to you out of the book, and my lectures do not repeat the textbook!  It is your responsibility to read the book on your own time.  If I notice that you reading (or highlighting, etc) from the textbook while I lecture, I will treat it as if you were reading a newspaper or doing your math homework (see the link on the course disruptive behavior policy).
• Don't try to write down every fact that I mention in class---focus on understanding the main points. 
• During the lecture write out quick sentences to summarize the main points--don't try to quote me, and don't try to write down every word.
• When I am presenting evidence to support an argument, write down the most important "facts" that I use to prove my main points.
• After the lecture (don't wait too long!), use your notes to write out a more detailed summary of most important arguments made in class.
• Take notes on in-class discussions--those are important, too.

Quizzes (30 percent of course grade):

You will have at least five quizzes. 

• The quizzes will be based upon the focus and review questions in the Coffin textbook and the Brophy document reader.

• Quizzes can be in multiple choice format (e.g., on "Key Terms"), or "fill in the blank" format, or short answer (a paragraph or two) format.

• The best way to prepare for the quizzes is to do all the assigned readings and take notes based upon the directions in this syllabus.
• You may use your reading notebooks to answer the quiz questions, but you cannot use the books themselves in class.

• Your semester quiz grade will be the average of all your quiz grades. 

• In grading your quizzes, my primary concern will be their accuracy, clarity, and logic. 

The weeks on which you have quizzes are indicated in the Weekly Schedule of Assignments.

Be sure to read the warning regarding plagiarism.

Mid-Term Exam:  (30 percent of course grade.)  Week VII

• The Mid-Term Exam will cover material from all lectures and assigned readings for Weeks I-VI.

• The exam will be in essay format.   I will give you at least three questions; you must answer two questions, in essay format.
• Your essays must be well organized, with an introduction, body and conclusion.
• Your essays must focus on the actual questions asked (no BS answers)
• Your essays must refer to specific evidence using information from the Coffin textbook and the course lectures
• Your essays must provide examples using documents in the Brophy document reader.

• In grading your exams, my primary concern will be their accuracy, clarity, and logic. 

Be sure to read the warning regarding plagiarism. 

Final Exam: (40 percent of course grade.)  Finals Week

• The Final Exam will cover material from all lectures and reading assignments for Weeks VII-XV
• The exam will be in essay format.   I will give you at least three questions; you must answer two questions, in essay format.
• Your essays must be well organized, with an introduction, body and conclusion.
• Your essays must focus on the actual questions asked (no BS answers)
• Your essays must refer to specific evidence using information from the Coffin textbook and the course lectures
• Your essays must provide examples using documents in the Brophy document reader.
• At least one question will deal with Machiavelli's The Prince, and answering will require that you have read and thought about the entire book.

• In grading your exams, my primary concern will be their accuracy, clarity, and logic. 

Be sure to read the warning regarding plagiarism. 

Extra Credit Paper Assignment|: (Value < or = 100 points added to course grade)  Due 2 December 

If you are interesting in "extra credit," then write a short paper (4-5 pages typed, double-spaced, 12 point font, with 1-inch margins) using as your main source Machiavelli's The Prince.

In The Prince, Niccolo Machiavelli offered "humble advice" to Lorenzo (Giuliano) de Medici, the ruler of Florence.  According to Machiavelli, to serve the best interests of his State, a successful Prince must rule as an autocrat.  Sometimes the Prince must be ruthless, but he must never act as a tyrant. 

To defend this argument, Machiavelli made many references to the history of the ancient world as well to recent events of the late 1400s and early 1500s.  As you know from your other readings, Machiavelli was writing at a time of foreign (French and Spanish) dominance over the Italian city-states.  He had supported a republican form of government and served as a government official in the Florentine Republic.  He wrote The Prince after the Medici family overthrew the Florentine Republic and restored themselves to princely power.

Your paper must be based upon detailed analysis of the evidence in The Prince.  That means that you must refer to specific evidence in The Prince that supports your answer.  You must cite the source of all quotations and also the source of any specific paraphrased or summarized information (parenthetical citations are ok).

To write a good paper, you must consider how evidence in The Prince is related to information in Coffin, the lectures, and any related documents from the Brophy reader.  I do not want you to read or use any additional essays, websites  or books for this paper!  Use only the sources assigned for this course!

My primary concern is the accuracy, clarity, and logic of your answer, which will account for 90 percent of your extra credit grade.  I also will base 10 percent of your extra credit grade on use of proper grammar and punctuation.

Pick and answer one of these questions:

1.   In The Prince, Machiavelli explains difference between successful and unsuccessful ways of ruling "conquered" peoples. 

• What is Machiavelli's argument about the "right" and "wrong" way to rule over peoples whom a prince has conquered (or subjugated)?
• Explain the evidence he uses to prove his point.

2.  The Prince was a product of the Renaissance, a period in which European thinkers "rediscovered" the history of the ancient world.  How does Machiavelli's interpretation of ancient history (written in 1514) compare to what we have read in the Coffin textbook?  

• Explain Machiavelli's main point about the ways the Persians, the Spartans, and the Romans dealt with dissent in their empires.
• Explain how Machiavelli's interpretation of this issue compares to the interpretation in the Coffin textbook.

3.  When it was first published, few people paid much attention to The Prince.  Within a few years, though, critics were denouncing the book.  Catholic critics saw the book as an attack on the Catholic Church, Protestant critics saw the book as justifying Catholic rule, and both groups condemned Machiavelli's arguments as "immoral."  

• Explain the arguments in The Prince that people in the 1500s would have interpreted as immoral;
• Explain why people in the 1500s would have considered these arguments immoral (that means using your other readings to think about the world view of the 1500s.

Tips for writing the extra credit paper: 

• Be sure that your paper has an introductory paragraph that lets the reader know what your main question is and what your main point is.  (Your main point is also called your thesis.)  The main point should be a logical statement that answers the question.  The reader should know what your thesis is by the end of your introductory paragraph.
• To explain and prove your main points, break it down into several "sub- ideas" and provide evidence to prove these ideas.  That is the function of the body paragraphs in your paper. 
• Be sure that each paragraph in the body of your paper is devoted to explaining a single main idea (one main idea per paragraph).  That main idea should help us understand your thesis. 
• Each body paragraph must include and explain direct and specific evidence that helps to prove your point.  Be sure that you explain what the evidence means (don't assume that it is obvious).
• Be sure that your concluding paragraph sums up your main ideas and makes clear how all of these ideas add up to your main point (thesis) in answering "your" main question.

Be sure to read the warning regarding plagiarism. 

Weekly schedule:

Note: This is a provisional schedule--I may find it necessary to change the dates of some assignments during the semester, and I may at times run a bit ahead or behind the syllabus.

Week I (31 August, 2 September): The Ancient Near East and Egypt.  Link to lecture notes

Readings: 

        Coffin, chapter 1

        Brophy ch. 1, documents:  

                                            The Epic of Gilgamesh

                                            Laws from Ancient Mesopotamia

Week II (7 September, 9 September):   Western Asia, Ancient Israel, and Pre-Archaic Greece  Link to lecture notes

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapter 2. 

    Brophy ch. 2, documents: 

                                        A Letter from Tell el-Amarna

                                        The Letters of Dier el-Medina

                                        Book of I Kings (Solomon builds the Temple)

                                        The Torah:  The Laws

Print out and sign the "Verification" document; due in class on Thursday

Link to the "Verification Document" Form

Week III (14 September, 16 September):  Archaic Greece and Classical Greece  link to lecture notes

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapter 3.

    Brophy ch, 3, documents:

                                        Spartan Society and Values

                                        Herodotus, from The Histories

                                        Thucydides, from The Peloponnesian Wars

    Quiz 1 (covers readings for weeks 1-2)

Week IV (21 September, 23 September):  Alexander the Great and Hellenic Civilization  link to lecture notes

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapter 4. 

    Brophy ch. 4, documents: 

                                        Aristotle, from Politics

                                                        (ignore Review Question 5)

                                        Plutarch, from Life of Alexander

                                        Hellenistic Authors, Short Poems

                                                        (ignore the Review Question on the poems)

Week V (28 September, 30 September):  Royal Rome and the Roman Republic   link to lecture notes

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapter 5. 

    Brophy, ch. 5 documents:

                                        The Twelve Tables

                                        Cicero, from On the Laws

                                                    (ignore Review Question 3)

                                        Columella, Management of a Large Estate

You should begin reviewing for the exam.

Week VI (5 October, 7 October): Imperial Rome and the Rise of Christianity   link to lecture notes

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapters 5 (review) and 6. 

    Brophy ch. 6 documents (read in this order):

                                        From the Gospel of Matthew

                                        The Martyrdom of Polycarp

                                        The Theodosian Code

You should be reviewing for the exam with vigor.

    Quiz 2 (covers readings for weeks 3-5)

Week VII (12 October, 14 October): Collapse of the Western Roman World  link to lecture notes

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapter 6 (review).

    Brophy, ch. 6, documents:

                                         A. Marcellinus, from The History

                                          St. Augustine, from The City of God

                                                  (but not The Confessions, so ignore the last Review Question)

    MIDTERM EXAM 

Week VIII (19 October, 21 October):    Rome's "Successor States":  The Islamic, Byzantine and Carolingian Empires

                                                                                                LINK to lecture notes

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapter 7. 

    Brophy ch. 7, documents: 

                                        Muhammad, from The Qur'an

                                        From The Lombard Laws

                                        Einhard, from The Life of Charlemagne

Week IX (26 October, 28 October):  Rome's Successor States/Europe in the High Middle Ages LINK to lecture notes 1

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapter 8.  

    Brophy, ch, 8, documents:

                                        Charter of Liberties for St. Omar

                                        Medieval Commercial Contracts and Reports

                                        The Magna Carta

Quiz 3 (covers weeks 6-8)

Week X (2 November, 4 November):  Medieval European Society and Culture LINK TO LECTURE NOTES

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapter 9.

    Brophy, chs. 8 and 9, documents:

                                        From Chapter 8: From Las Siete Partidas

                                        From Chapter 9: Gregory VII, "To Herman of Metz"

                                                                    Pope Boniface VIII, Papal Bull

                                                                    St. Francis, The Rule of 1223

                                                                            (but not the Testament, so don't answer Review Question 3)

Week XI (9 November, 11 November): Late Medieval Europe and Europe's New Place in the World  

                                                                                Lecture notes on religion and intellectual life in the High Middle Ages

                                                                                Lecture notes on Late Medieval Europe (1300-1450)

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapters 10 and 11.

    Brophy, ch. 10, documents:

                                            Jan Hus, from The Church

                                            From The Trial of Jeanne of d'Arc

                                            The Distribution of Wealth in Tuscany in 1427           

    Start reading Machiavelli, The Prince!

Week XII (16 November, 18 November): The Renaissance

                                                                                              Lecture notes on Late Medieval Europe (1300-1450)

                                                                                              Lecture notes on the Renaissance

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapter 12

    Brophy, ch. 12, documents: 

                                            Leonardo Da Vinci, from The Notebooks

                                            Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola, from "Oration on the Dignity of Man"

                                            Desiderius Erasmus, from Twelve Colloquies

    Quiz 4 (covers weeks 9-11)

    Continue reading Machiavelli, The Prince!

Week XIII (23 November, 25 November):  NO CLASS THIS WEEK:  on 23 November, MWF classes will meet instead of T-Th classes; also, no class on THANKSGIVING, 25 November!

Even though we do not meet, you should do the following readings.  I will ask you questions about these readings on the next quiz!

Topic:  The Reformation

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapter 13.

    Brophy, ch. 13, documents: 

                                            Martin Luther, from The 95 Theses

                                            "Statement of Grievances," The Diet of Worms

    You should finish reading Machiavelli, The Prince!

    If you are writing the extra-credit paper, you should get to it!

Week XIV (30 November, 2 December): The Reformation    Link to lecture notes

Readings: 

    Coffin, chapter 13 (reread/review)

    Brophy, ch. 13, more documents:

                                            From Cannons and Decrees of the Council of Trent

    Quiz 5 (covers weeks 12-13)

    Begin reviewing for the final exam.

    EXTRA CREDIT PAPER DUE THURSDAY, 2 DECEMBER

Week XV (7 December, 9 December):  National Monarchies and Wars of Religion   Link to lecture notes

Readings:

    Coffin, Chapter 14

    Brophy, ch. 14, document:

                                            Jean Bodin, from On Sovereignty

   Review for the final exam.

Final Exam during final exam week